Patricia A. Piermatti and Jackie Mardikian Pharmaceutical Sciences Librarian mardikia@rci.rutgers.edu >May 6, 2008

Research Resources: Subject Research Guides: Pharmaceutical Sciences:
Drug Information

• Databases
• Consumer Databases
• Bibliographic Guide to Rutgers Resources (sub-page)
• Internet Resources: Selected List
  1. Diseases
  2. Adverse Effects or Drug Interactions
  3. Drug Regulations/Laws
  4. Equivalent and Foreign Drugs
  5. Generic Drugs
  6. National Drug Code
  7. New Drug Approvals (including Clinical Trials)
  8. Pharmaceutical, Cosmetic and Health Companies
  9. Statistics
• Related Rutgers Resources

Databases

The following databases although not primarily about drug information, may still provide broad international coverage of the topic. These networked databases are available for remote use by Rutgers University students, faculty and staff. For descriptions and search connections to these and all other networked databases go to the Rutgers University Libraries Indexes and Databases page.

Rutgers users of RefWorks, the Web-based bibliography and database manager, can review the Rutgers University Libraries RefWorks FAQ. Additional guides and online tutorials are listed below.

• RefWorks: Importing Records from PubMed (UC-Berkeley, Marian Koshland Bioscience & Natural Resources Library)
• EndNote: Importing Records from PubMed (UC-Berkeley, Marian Koshland Bioscience & Natural Resources Library)
• Working with EndNote Version X (University of North Carolina Health Sciences Library)
• EndNote Basics (NIH Library)
• EndNote Import Filters (can sort by database name)
• EndNote Output Styles
• EndNote Technical Support & Services (includes Mac compatibility)
• BibMe - bibme.org

Additionally, the EndNote import filter file for International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (OVID) is available here

ACCESSMedicine (Coverage: Current) an online collection of key medical reference texts that provide authoritative and current medical data. A few of the more than 45 medical reference books in clinical medicine include:

• Basic & Clinical Pharmacology
• Current Medical Diagnosis and Treatment
• Goodman & Gilman's Pharmacology
• Harrison's Online

Medical news, updates, patient education information, a diagnostic tool, and an integrated drug database with information about dosages, trade names, and pricing are also part of this resource. Searching is available across the entire suite of basic sciences and clinical texts.

Biomedical Reference Collection: Comprehensive (Coverage: 1960 - present) provides access to nearly 900 full text journals, including full text for nearly 850 peer-reviewed publications. Disciplines covered include: clinical medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine, the health care system, and the pre-clinical sciences.

Although Biomedical Reference Collection: Comprehensive can be searched separately, it can also be used when you search MEDLINE and connect to the article by clicking on the links in the citation record.

BIOSIS Previews (Coverage: 1990 - present) database is a comprehensive index to life science and biomedical research. Each year BIOSIS adds more than 560,000 references from more than 5,500 sources including more than 5,000 international journals, published meetings, symposia and workshops, patents, book and software reviews. It is multidisciplinary covering, among other, Applied Zoology, Behavior and Ecology, Biotechnology, Medicine, Microbiology, Molecular Biology, Physiology, and Plant Sciences.

The BIOSIS Previews database includes the contents (from 1990 - present) of the following print titles:

Biological Abstracts, LSM/ REF/QH 301.B37/ V.1+ 1926+,
Biological Abstracts/RRM, LSM/ REF / QH 301.B371/ V.18+ 1980+ and
BioResearch Index LSM/ REF / QH 301.B371/ V.3-17 1967-1979.

Facts & Comparisons 4.0 (including Review of Natural Products) (Coverage: Current) covers more than 22,000 Rx, almost 6,000 OTC, and orphan and investigational drugs. Facts & Comparisons 4.0 is a browser-based electronic version of the following print publications:

• Drug Facts and Comparisons
• Drug Interaction Facts
• Review of Natural Products
• Nonprescription Drug Therapy
• MedFacts
• Drug Interaction Facts: Herbal Supplements and Food
• A to Z Drug Facts

FDC Reports (Current 120 days) The FDC Reports newsletters cover U.S. government (i.e. U.S. Food and Drug Administration) regulations, corporate news, mergers and acquisitions, product development, patent information, and statistical data (i.e. sales, market share, etc).

International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (IPA) (Coverage: 1970 - present). This file provides worldwide coverage of pharmaceutical science and health related literature from 1970 to the present, and is updated monthly. Comprehensive information is included for drug therapy, toxicity, and pharmacy practice as well as legislation, regulation, technology, utilization, biopharmaceutics, information processing, education, economics, and ethics as related to pharmaceutical science and practice.

MEDLINE (OVID)(Coverage: 1966 - present). Produced by the U.S. National Library of Medicine, the MEDLINE database is widely recognized as the premier source for bibliographic and abstract coverage of biomedical literature. More than 9.5 million records from more than 3,900 journals are indexed, plus selected monographs of congresses and symposia (1976-1981). Abstracts are included for about 67% of the records. OVID OLDMEDLINE contains pre-1966 citations.

For pre-1966 searches, see also the following print publications:

Cumulated Index Medicus. Bethesda, MD: National Library of Medicine, 1960-2000.
LSM/ REF / R 11.I45.

Index-Catalogue of the Library of the Surgeon General's Office. Washington, DC: National Library of Medicine, 1880-1961. LSM/ REF / R 11.I41.
Series I: 1-16, 1880-1895
Series II: 1-21, 1896-1916
Series III: 1-10, 1918-1932
Series IV: 1-11 (through Mh-Mn only), 1936-1955
Series V: 1-3, 1959-1961

Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database (Coverage: Current). contains over 1,000 evidence-based monographs on natural medicines compiled by clinicians. These monographs, appropriate for patient care situations, include: common, as well as colloquial names, brand names, scientific names, product uses, safety, effectiveness, description of known constituents, pharmacological actions, adverse reactions, possible interactions, any influence on nutrient levels and depletion in the body after use of the substance(s), dosage and administration, and reference citations.

PubMed (Coverage: 1950s - present) PubMed, available via the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Entrez life sciences retrieval system, was developed at the National Library of Medicine (NLM), located at the U.S. National Institutues of Health (NIH). Entrez is the text-based search and retrieval system used at NCBI for services including PubMed, Nucleotide and Protein Sequences, Protein Structures, Complete Genomes, Taxonomy, OMIM, and many others. PubMed consisting of the MEDLINE and OLDMEDLINE databases, contains over 17 million bibliographic citations and author abstracts from more than 5,000 biomedical journals dating back to the early 1950s. OLDMEDLINE, containing the earliest citations has a fact sheet. PubMed coverage also includes the following:

• Out-of-scope citations (e.g., articles on plate tectonics or astrophysics) from certain MEDLINE journals, primarily general science and chemistry journals for which the life sciences articles are indexed for MEDLINE.
• Citations that precede the date that a journal was selected for MEDLINE indexing.
• Some additional life science journals that submit full text to PubMedCentral and receive a qualitative review by NLM.

ScienceDirect - (Coverage: 1995 - present), the electronic science journal package from Elsevier Science provides access to more than 1000 periodicals (over 1,100,000 articles) from 1995 to present. Included in ScienceDirect's holdings are the following fields: Biological Sciences, Chemistry, Materials Science, Engineering and Technology, Environmental Science, Economics, Business and Management Science, Neuroscience, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Physics, Mathematics and Computer Science, Earth Sciences, Social Sciences, Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, and Clinical Medicine. The full-text/full-image articles (PDF version) are available from any Rutgers workstation as well as to remote users registered as Rutgers faculty, staff or students.

SciFinder Scholar - (Coverage: 1967 - present), is the very user friendly interface for searching Chemical Abstracts (CHEM/ PER/ V.1-133 1907-2000 (print version)). Explore the world's most comprehensive collection of published scientific research in chemistry ... by author name, research topic, substance, chemical structure, or chemical reaction. Note: our contract with the publisher limits SciFinder Scholar access to Rutgers University students, faculty and staff ONLY.

Web of Science (Coverage: 1994 - present) is an enhanced web version of the Institute for Scientific Information's citation indexes, including Science Citation Index, the Social Sciences Citation Index, and the Arts and Humanities Citation Index.

Additional non-networked pharmaceutical sciences databases are available from commercial vendors. As fee-based, librarian mediated searching is not available, the reader should consult the following web sites for information about vendor services.

• Database Selection Aid for Searching Pharmaceutical Topics on Thomson DIALOG and DataStar
• STN: Information solutions for drug discovery and development
• Thomson DIALOG DataStar Datasheets
• Thomson DIALOG: Information to Change the World
• AIIP (Association of Independent Information Professionals) Referral Program
• Questel
• Science IP - The CAS Search Service

Consumer databases

• CancerFacts.com
  (http://www.cancerfacts.com/)
• Consumer Reports - Best Buy Drugs
  (http://crbestbuydrugs.org/)
• U.S. Food and Drug Administration-Index to Drug Specific Information
  (http://www.fda.gov/cder/drug/DrugSafety/DrugIndex.htm)
• Druginfonet.com
  (http://www.druginfonet.com)
• Drug Information Portal (U.S. National Library of Medicine)
  (http://druginfo.nlm.nih.gov/drugportal/drugportal.jsp)
• Familydoctor.org (American Academy of Family Physicians)
  (http://familydoctor.org)
• HealthFinder.gov (U.S. Department of Health & Human Services)
  (http://www.healthfinder.gov)
• HealthyNJ: Information for Healthy Living (University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey)
  (http://www.healthynj.org)
• Institute for Safe Medication Practices
  (http://www.ismp.org/)
• MayoClinic.com
  (http://www.mayohealth.org/)
• MedicineNet.com
  (http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/hp.asp)
• MedlinePlus: Trusted Health Information for You
  (http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/)
• National Library of Medicine Drug Information Portal
  (http://druginfo.nlm.nih.gov/drugportal/drugportal.jsp?APPLICATION_NAME=drugportal )
• Netwellness: Consumer Health Information
  (http://www.netwellness.org)
• New Jersey Prescription Drug Price Registry
  (https://www6.state.nj.us/LPSCA_DRUG/search.jsp)
• NOAH: New York Online Access to Health
  (http://www.noah-health.org/)
• RXlist: the Internet Drug Index
  (http://www.rxlist.com)
• RxWiki
  (http://www.rxwiki.com/)
• SafeMedication.com (American Society of Health-System Pharmacists
  (http://www.safemedication.com/)
• Verified Pharmacy Practice Sites (VIPPS) - National Association of Boards of Pharmacy
  (http://www.nabp.net/vipps/intro.asp)
  Click on "Accreditation Programs, then "VIPPS" in the left navigation bar.
• WebMD
  (http://my.webmd.com/)

Internet Resources: Selected List

Diseases

• Alphabetical List of Specific Diseases/Disorders (Karolinska Institutet)
  (http://www.mic.ki.se/Diseases/alphalist.html)
• FDA Oncology Tools
  (http://www.fda.gov/cder/cancer)
• MedlinePlus: Trusted Health Information for You
  (http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/)
• The Merck Manual of Geriatrics
  (http://www.merck.com/pubs/mm_geriatrics/home.html)
• OncoLink-Abramson Cancer Center of the University of Pennsylvania
  (http://oncolink.upenn.edu)

Adverse Effects or Drug Interactions

• MedWatch: The FDA Safety Information and Adverse Event Reporting Program
  (http://www.fda.gov/medwatch)
• SafeMedication.com (American Society of Health-System Pharmacists
  (http://www.safemedication.com/)

Drug Regulations/Laws

• AARP Medicare Prescription Drug Coverage
  (http://www.aarp.org/health/medicare/drug_coverage/medicarerx_coverage.html)
• Code of Federal Regulations (CFR): Main Page
  (http://www.gpoaccess.gov/cfr/index.html)
• Search CFR Title 21 Database
  (http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/cfrsearch.cfm)
• The Federal Register (FR): Main Page
  (http://www.gpoaccess.gov/fr/index.html)
• Laws Enforced by the FDA and Related Statutes
  (http://www.fda.gov/opacom/laws/)
• Europa - European Commission - Enterprise and Industry - Pharmaceuticals
  (http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/pharmaceuticals/index_en.htm)
• Food and Drug Law Institute - Links
  (http://www.fdli.org/links/)
• National Association of Boards of Pharmacy (NABP)
  (http://www.nabp.net/)
• Questions and Answers on Current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP) for Drugs
  (http://www.fda.gov/cder/guidance/cGMPs/default.htm)
• U.S. Food and Drug Administration
  (http://www.fda.gov)
• Wex - Cornell University Law School - Food and Drug Law
  (http://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/index.php/Food_and_drug_law)
• World Health Organization (WHO) Medicines
  (http://www.who.int/medicines/en)

Equivalent and Foreign Drugs

• Dictionary of Medicines & Devices; a searchable database from Medicines.org.uk.
  (http://dmd.medicines.org.uk/DesktopDefault.aspx)
• European Medicines Agency (EMEA); use left navigation frame; click on "Centrally Authorised Products (European Public Assessment Reports (EPARS))." Select desired alphabetical listing, then click on drug name in main frame to view detailed information.
  (http://www.emea.europa.eu/index/indexh1.htm)
• Heads of Medicines Agencies website
  (http://www.hma.eu/)
  This is the common website for the human and veterinary medicines authorities in Europe.
• Europa - European Commission - Enterprise and Industry - Pharmaceuticals - Community Register of Medicinal Products
  (http://europa.eu.int/comm/enterprise/pharmaceuticals/register/index.htm)
  The Register of medicinal products for human use authorised by the Community under the centralised procedure. Searches can be run by alphabetic drug name or by EU number. The database includes active, suspended and withdrawn drug products.

Generic Drugs

• Consumer Education: What You Need to Know to Use Medicine Safely (FDA)
  (http://www.fda.gov/cder/consumerinfo/DPAdefault.htm)
• FDA Generic Drug Approvals
  (http://www.fda.gov/cder/ogd/approvals/)
• Generic Drugs: Questions and Answers
  (http://www.fda.gov/cder/consumerinfo/generics_q&a.htm)
• GPhA: Generic Pharmaceutical Association
  (http://www.gphaonline.org/AM/Template.cfm?Section=Home)
• Pathfinder on the Generic Pharmaceutical Industry by Sarah Spear, J.D.
  (http://www.llrx.com/features/genericpharma.htm)

National Drug Code

• National Drug Code (NDC) Directory
  (http://www.fda.gov/cder/ndc/index.htm)

New Drug Approvals (including Clinical Trials)

• Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations - electronic "Orange Book" - enables searching of the database by active ingredient, proprietary name, applicant holder or applicant number
  (http://www.fda.gov/cder/ob/)
• CenterWatch (Thomson): Clinical Tirals Listing Service - Drugs Approved by the FDA
  (http://www.centerwatch.com/patient/drugs/druglist.html)
• ClinicalStudyResults.org
  (http://clinicalstudyresults.org/)
• ClinicalTrials.gov
  (http://clinicaltrials.gov)
• Drugs@FDA - A Catalog of FDA Approved Drug Products
  (http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/drugsatfda/index.cfm)
• From Test Tube to Patient: Protecting America's Health Through Human Drugs
  (http://www.fda.gov/fdac/special/testtubetopatient/default.htm)
• IFPMA (International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers & Associations) Clinical Trials Portal
  (http://ifpma.org/clinicaltrials)
• NCCAM (National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine) Clinical Trials
  (http://nccam.nih.gov/clinicaltrials/)
• New Medicines Database (Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA))
  (http://newmeds.phrma.org/)
• PAF: Patient Advocate Foundation - Questions and Answers about Investigational Drugs
  (http://www.patientadvocate.org/resources.php?p=102)

Pharmaceutical, Cosmetic and Health Companies

• CTFA-Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association International Buyers' Guide
  (http://www.ctfa-buyersguide.org/)
• New Jersey Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Companies, compiled by Patricia A. Piermatti and Mei Ling Lo
  (http://www.scc.rutgers.edu/njpharm)
• Pharmacy Times: Links (select category "Companies")
  (http://www.pharmacytimes.com/links.cfm)
• America's Best Big Companies
  (http://www.forbes.com/lists/2007/88/biz_07platinum_The-400-Best-Big-Companies_land.html)
  Select industry "Drugs & Biotechnology".
• Fortune Global 500 - Industry: Pharmaceuticals
  (http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/global500/2007/industries/21/1.html)
• The Global 2000 Special Report, compiled by Forbes
  (http://www.forbes.com/2007/03/29/forbes-global-2000-biz-07forbes2000-cz_sd_0329global_land.html)
  Sort by industry and browse to "Drugs & Biotechnology".
• The World's Top 50 Pharmaceutical Companies (annual report compiled by Pharmaceutical Executive)
  (http://www.pharmexec.com/pharmexec/data/articlestandard/pharmexec/272006/354138/article.pdf)

Statistics

• Annual Surveys ... in Drug Topics: The Online Newsmagazine for Pharmacists; click on "Pharmacy Facts and Figures" in the left navigation bar.
  (http://www.drugtopics.com/drugtopics/)
• National Center for Health Statistics - Therapeutic Drug Use
  (http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/drugs.htm)
• National Prescription Audit (NPA) - a marketing service from IMS Health
  (http://www.imshealth.com/ims/portal/front/articleC/0,2777,6599_18731_40044561,00.html)
  National Prescription Audit (NPA) is a subscription service available from IMS Health. This offering provides national- and regional- level prescription intelligence covering retail, long-term care and mail order pharmacies.
• PhRMA (Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America)
  (http://www.phrma.org/)
• Prescription Drug Trends Fact Sheet (Kaiser Family Foundation)
  (http://www.kff.org/rxdrugs/3057.cfm)
• Top 200 Prescriptions from RxList ....
  (http://www.rxlist.com/script/main/hp.asp)
• World Health Organization; click on "Country Information"; then select country from the pull-down menu.
  (http://www.euro.who.int/)

Related Rutgers Resources

• Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy
• Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research
• LSM Titles for the Drug Information and Literature Evaluation Course